Classical Approach to Zero-Inflated Dynamic Panel Ordered Probit Model with an Application in Drug Abuse
John Kung’u,
Leo Odongo,
Ananda Kube
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, March 2022
Pages:
58-74
Received:
20 January 2022
Accepted:
4 March 2022
Published:
12 March 2022
Abstract: The Zero inflated ordered categorical data with time series structure are often a characteristic of behavioral research attributed to non-participation decision and zero consumption of substance such as drugs among the participants. The existing Semi-parametric zero inflated dynamic panel probit model with selectivity have exhibited biasness and inconsistency in estimators as a result of poor treatment of initial condition and exclusion of selectivity in the unobserved individual effects respectively. The model assumed that the cut points are known to address heaping in the data and therefore cannot be used when the cut points are unknown. In this paper, a Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit models have been developed to address the above challenges. Average partial effects that presents the impacts on the specific probabilities per unit change in the covariates are also given. Since the solutions are not of closed form, Maximum likelihood estimation based on Newton Raphson algorithm was used to estimate the parameters of the model. A Monte Carlo study was carried out to investigate some theoretical properties of the estimators in the models. The study found that the Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit models with independent and correlated error terms produced consistent estimators. The Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit models with independent and correlated error terms had more accurate estimators than the Dynamic panel ordered probit model. The Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit model with correlated error terms fitted the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 better than Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit model with independent error terms and Dynamic panel ordered probit model. The Zero inflated dynamic panel ordered probit model with independent error terms fitted the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 better the Dynamic panel ordered probit model.
Abstract: The Zero inflated ordered categorical data with time series structure are often a characteristic of behavioral research attributed to non-participation decision and zero consumption of substance such as drugs among the participants. The existing Semi-parametric zero inflated dynamic panel probit model with selectivity have exhibited biasness and in...
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Estimation of Finite Population Mean Using Ratio Estimator Based on Known Median of Auxiliary Variable in the Presence of Non-Response
Charles Wanyingi Nderitu,
Herbert Imboga,
Anthony Wanjoya
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, March 2022
Pages:
75-82
Received:
11 March 2022
Accepted:
1 April 2022
Published:
8 April 2022
Abstract: The issue of non-response is a common phenomenon in sample surveys. Therefore, there is a need to develop ways of dealing with the challenge whenever it occurs. The current paper first introduces the stratification of the population as a result of the non-response. A theoretical review of the basic non response in sampling is as well explained and derived. The condition that leads to the first non-response estimator as proposed by the Hansen and Hurwitz. The resampling scheme for the non-response adjustment was described. This forms the bases for the new model which proposes a modified ratio estimator of the finite population mean in the presence of non-response when the population median of the auxiliary variable is known. The properties of the proposed estimators are derived and theoretically compared with existing ones. A theoretical efficiency comparison shows that the proposed estimator performs better than the existing ones. Further, the simulated numerical comparison shows that the Bias of the proposed estimator performs better, while its Mean squared error is competitive. Towards, the conclusion of the study we recommend further studies on the band with that balance the impact on the estimator in terms of the variance and the bias. Further, an exponential ratio form of the proposed estimator was recommended to be studied and its properties be examined.
Abstract: The issue of non-response is a common phenomenon in sample surveys. Therefore, there is a need to develop ways of dealing with the challenge whenever it occurs. The current paper first introduces the stratification of the population as a result of the non-response. A theoretical review of the basic non response in sampling is as well explained and ...
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